ABSTRACT
Although, family history of cancer is an important risk factor for upper gastrointestinal cancers development, but limited information is available on the upper gastrointestinal cancers associated with family history in Iran. The purpose of this study was to define upper gastrointestinal cancers risk associated with family history of cancer. This study was conducted as a case control study. A total number of 1,010 cases of upper gastrointestinal cancer and 1,010 healthy controls were recruited. For family history of cancer, questions were asked about any malignant tumor in first and second degree relatives. Adjusted odds ratio estimates for the association family history and upper gastrointestinal cancers risk and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were obtained. A family history of any malignant tumor in relatives was associated with 1.3 fold increased risks of upper gastrointestinal cancers. A first-degree family history of esophageal and gastric cancer was significantly associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers development, with an adjusted OR of 4.7 [CI 95%: 2.6-8.4]. Our findings suggested that risk for upper gastrointestinal cancers increases among individuals with family history of cancer. Therefore, appropriate screening strategies especially in relatives of patients should be considered to prevent and control of disease
ABSTRACT
A 25 year old man who referred with abdominal pain, nausea and progressive vomiting since 2 months ago and 7kg weight loss from this time. Also he was complaining from generalized bone pain especially back pain and jaundice. The patient has a long time history of addiction with oral and inhalation form of narcotics. In physical exam pallorness and icter of mucosa was observed. In mouth examination bluish pigmentation seen at the gum-tooth line. Hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy was not detected. Upper GI endoscopy was normal. And in lab tests hepatic aminotransferases were increased but alkalin phosphatase was in normal range also indirect billirubin was increased too. CBC test non auto immune hemolytic anemia was deteded, and direct and indirect combs test was negative. BMB and BMA evaluation hyperplasia of erythroid was shown. The patient had a history of smoking and oral narcotics use from 6 years ago. According to all symptoms with clinical doubt of lead poisoning the very high level of lead in narcotic sample was reported and in blood analysis very high level of lead [350mg/dl] was detected. The patient was treated with Ca.EDTA and BAL with decreasing lead level and the symptoms were recovered. There are some reports Similar this case [due to oral narcotics contain Lead] in Iran